Dealing with the properties left by a decedent in the Philippines can be a complex task. Nevertheless, the law provides simplified ways to transfer titles without going to court, provided there is no will and no outstanding debts. This article details the importance of the deed of adjudication, the deed of sole adjudication, and the affidavit of heirs philippines.
Defining the Deed of Adjudication
The extrajudicial settlement of estate is a legal document where the heirs of a deceased person partition the properties left behind. Under Philippine law, heirs can transfer ownership privately if the decedent left no will and no debts.
When there are multiple heirs, they must all concur on how the assets—such as land, bank accounts, or vehicles—will be partitioned. This document is essential for the Register of Deeds to cancel the old title and issue a new one in the names of the heirs.
When There is Only One Heir
In cases where the deceased is survived by only one legal heir, a deed of sole adjudication is used instead of a collective settlement.
Ease of Process: Since there are no other heirs to consult, the process is more straightforward.
Legal Requirement: The sole heir executes an affidavit stating that they are the only affidavit of heirs philippines surviving successor and claims the entire estate to themselves.
Regardless of whether you use a deed of sole adjudication or a multi-heir deed, the document must be signed affidavit of heirs philippines before a notary public and published in a newspaper of general circulation for three consecutive weeks to inform any potential creditors.
Identifying the Rightful Successors
Before the transfer can proceed, the parties must prove their relationship to the deceased. This is where an affidavit of heirs philippines becomes indispensable.
The affidavit serves as a sworn testimony identifying all the legal heirs, such as the surviving spouse, legitimate children, or parents. It typically includes:
The timing and location of the decedent's death.
A declaration that the deceased died intestate (without a will).
A list of the names and relationships of all surviving heirs.
Step-by-Step Process
To properly use these documents, heirs must adhere to these steps:
Preparation: Draft the deed of adjudication or deed of sole adjudication and the affidavit of heirs philippines.
Legalization: Have the documents officially deed of adjudication sworn.
Tax Compliance: File the Estate Tax Return with the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR). Keep in mind you must obtain a Certificate Authorizing Registration (CAR).
Publication: Publish the notice of settlement in a local newspaper.
Transfer of Title: Submit the CAR, the deed, and the proof of publication to the Register of Deeds to update the title.
Conclusion
Handling the deed of adjudication and ensuring you have a correct affidavit of heirs philippines deed of sole adjudicatino is vital for protecting your inheritance. By choosing these extrajudicial methods, Filipino families can bypass the high costs and long wait times associated with court-litigated settlements. Consulting deed of adjudication with a legal professional is always suggested to ensure all legalities are met correctly.